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General Information about plugs and sockets |
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| Spread over the museum website,
information can be found about historical, technical and safety aspects of plugs and
sockets. Links to these pages are given below. Another group of pages gives information of manufacturers of plugs and sockets. Click image for
viewing page
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| Diversity |  |
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| worldwide diversity of plugs and sockets |
overview of standards of domestic sockets |
concentric
plugs and sockets |
plug compatibility with sockets in Europe |
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| History |
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| origin of US straight blade plugs |
history of British plugs and sockets |
German earth clip plugs, origin of design |
origin of Australian plugs with angled blades |
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| domestic sockets with an earth pin |
sockets with similar configuration of contacts |
precursors of IEC
60320 appliance connectors |
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| Marks and Logos |  |
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| certification marks on plugs and sockets |
German and French Bakelite marks |
plug manufacturers, both classic and still existing |
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| Safety aspects |  |
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page under construction |
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| improvements to enhance plug and socket safety |
types of socket safety shutters |
types of socket contacts and matching plugs |
mechanisms to lock plugs in sockets |
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| Wiring |  |
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| 3-phase AC generator basic principle |
3-phase transformers, source of low voltages |
split-phase wiring | radial and ring circuits; domestic wiring techniques |
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Manufacturers of plugs and sockets, represented in the museum collection including logos and information about the history of classic and still existing companies. |
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Germany |
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United Kingdom |
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United States |
| Manufacturers in countries that use the CEE 7/3-4 (Schuko) standard. |
 Austria |
 Finland |
 Hungary |
 Netherlands |
 Norway |
 Portugal |
 Sweden |
| Manufacturers in countries that use the CEE 7/5-6 standard. |
 Belgium |
 Czech Repub. |
 France |
 Morocco |
 Poland |
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| Manufacturers in European countries that
use various types of earth connections. |
 Denmark |
 Italy |
 Liechtenstein |
 Spain |
 Switzerland |
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| Six
manufacturers in the southern hemisphere |
 Argentina |
 Brazil |
 Chile |
 Australia |
 New Zealand |
 South Africa |
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Another type of wiring ...  not in the collection, but seen in Cluj-Napoca, Romania (2009) |
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D i g i t a l M u s e u m o f | |
P l u g s a n d S o c k e t s | |